List of states during the Middle Ages

Post-classical history (also called the post-classical era) is the period of time that immediately followed the end of ancient history. Depending on the continent, the era generally falls between the years AD 200–600 and AD 1200–1500. The name of this era of history derives from classical antiquity (or the Greco-Roman era) of Europe. Though, the everyday context in use is reverse (such as historians reference to Medieval China). In European history, "post-classical" is synonymous with the medieval time or Middle Ages, the period of history from around the 5th century to the 15th century. It began with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and merged into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: Antiquity, Medieval period, and Modern period. The Medieval period is itself subdivided into the early, high, and late Middle Ages.

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Angevin Empire	no official	empire	1154	1242
Dumnonia	Isca Dumnoniorum	principality	360	710
England	Winchester, London	kingdom	927	1707
East Angles	Rendlesham, Dommoc	kingdom	6th cent.	918
Essex	Rendlesham, Dommoc	kingdom	527	825
Haestingas	Hastings	tribal kingdom	6th cent.	771
Kent	Durovernum	kingdom	488	871
Lindsey	Lindum	kingdom/client	410	775
Mercia	Tamworth	kingdom	527	918
Northumbria	Bamburgh	kingdom	653	954
North Sea Empire	Ribe	personal union	1013	1042
Sussex	Selsey	kingdom	477	825
Wessex	Winchester	kingdom	519	1018
Wihtwara	Wihtgarsburgh	kingdom	512	686

Name	Capital	State type	From	To
Alba	Clogher	kingdom	900	1286
Cait		tribal kingdom	25	871
Cé		tribal kingdom	1st cent.	900
Dal Riada	Dunadd	kingdom	501	878
Fortriu		tribal kingdom	1	850
Galloway		kingdom	c. 1000	1234
Gododdin		kingdom	5th cent.	8th cent.
Mann and Isles		kingdom	848	1266
Moray		kingdom	c. 970	1130
Pictland		kingdom	452	850
Scotland	Stirling, Edinburgh	kingdom	843	1707
Strathclyde	Dumbarton, Govan	kingdom	450	1093

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Brycheiniog		kingdom	450	1045
Deheubarth	Dinefwr	kingdom	920	1197
Dyfed		kingdom	410	910
Glywysing	Cardiff	kingdom	490	1063
Gwent	Caerwent, Porth-is-Coed	kingdom	420	1081
Gwynedd	various	kingdom	420	1216
Powys	various	kingdom	488	1160
Wales	Aber Garth Celyn	principality	1216	1542

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Arms
Airgíalla	Clogher	tribal federation/kingdom	331	1590
Brega		kingdom	620	1013
Breifne	Croghan	kingdom	700	1256
Desmond	Killarney	kingdom	1118	1596
Dublin	Dublin	kingdom	853	1170
East Breifne	Belturbet, Cavan	kingdom	1256	1607
Iar Connacht	Dromahair	túatha/kingdom	1051	1589
Ireland	Dublin	lordship	1171	1542
Iveagh		túath	4th cent.	1543
Leinster		kingdom	436	1632
Mac William Íochtar	Kilmaine	tanistry	1330	1602
Meath	Dublin	kingdom	1st cent.	1173
Munster	Cork	kingdom	1st cent. BC	1118 AD
Northern Uí Néill	various	kingdom	420	1137
Ossory	Kilkenny	kingdom	150	1185
Thomond	Ennis	kingdom	1118	1543
Tyrconnell	Dun na nGall	kingdom	464	1607
Uí Failghe	Rathangan, Daingean	kingdom	507	1550
Uí Fidgenti	Brugh Ríogh	kingdom	4th cent.	10th cent.
Uí Liatháin	Castlelyons	kingdom	4th cent.	1220
Uí Mháine	various	túatha	357	1611
Ulaid	various	kingdom	400	1177
West Breifne	Dromahair	túatha	1256	1605

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Angevin Empire	no official	empire	1154	1242
Austrasia	Metz	kingdom	511	751
Bavaria		duchy	508	788
Béarn	various	viscounty	9th cent.	1620
Bouillon	Bouillon	duchy	1456	1794
Brabant	Brussels	duchy	1183	1430
Brittany	various	duchy	939	1547
Burgundy	Dijon	duchy	1032	1477
Carantania	Karnburg	principality	658	828
Carolingian Empire	Aachen	empire	800	888
East Francia	various	kingdom	843	962
France	Paris, Versailles	kingdom	843	1792
Frisia	Dorestad, Utrecht	tribal kingdom	600	734
Frisia (Upstalsboom League)		confederacy	c. 1200	c. 1500
Flanders	various	county	862	1795
Frankish Empire	Tournai, Paris	kingdom/empire	481	843
Holland	The Hague	county	11th cent.	1795
Holy Roman Empire see List of states of the Holy Roman Empire	no official	empire	962	1806
Lorraine	Nancy	duchy	959	1766
Lotharingia		kingdom	855	959
Middle Francia	Aachen	kingdom	843	855
Normandy	Rouen	duchy	911	1259
Old Saxony		duchy	758	804
Pomerania	various	duchy	1121	1637
Poher	Vorgium	principality	520	936
Saxons		tribal confederation	5th cent. BC	754 AD
Swiss Confederacy	various	confederacy	c. 1300	1798
County of Toulouse	Toulouse	county	778	1271
Terra Mariana	various	confederated bishopric principalities (religious)	1207	1561
West Francia	Paris	kingdom	843	987

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Denmark	various	kingdom	c. 900	present
Iceland	Þingvellir	commonwealth (federation)	930	1262
Kalmar Union	Copenhagen (from 1443)	union	1397	1523
North Sea Empire	Ribe	personal union	1013	1042
Kingdom of Norway	various	kingdom	872	present
Petty kingdoms of Norway	various	kingdoms	?	872
Sweden	various	kingdom	c. 970	present

Name	Capital/s	State type	From	To	Flag
Albania	Durrës	principality	1328	1415
Achaea	Andravida, Mystras	principality	1205	1432
Arbanon	Kruja	principality	1190	1255
Archipelago	Naxos	duchy	1207	1579
Argos & Nauplia	Nauplia	lordship/client	1212	1388
Arta	Arta	despotate	1359	1416
Athens	Athens	duchy	1205	1458
Bodonitsa	Benevento	marquisate/client	1204	1414
Kingdom of Bosnia	various	kingdom	1377	1463
Byzantine Empire	Constantinople	empire	395	1453
First Bulgarian Empire	Pliska (681–893), Preslav (893–968/972), Skopje, Ohrid, Bitola (until 1018)	empire	681	1018
Second Bulgarian Empire	Tarnovo (1185–1393) Vidin and Nikopol (1393–1396)	empire	1185	1396
Emirate of Crete	Chandax	emirate	824	961
Croatian duchy	various	principality	c. 800	925
Croatia	various	kingdom	925	1102
Dobruja	Karvuna	despotate	1356	1411
Duklja	Shkodër	despotate	10th cent.	1186
Latin Empire	Constantinople	empire	1204	1261
Țara Litua	Câmpulung, Curtea de Argeș	principality	1241	1290
Despotate of Lovech	Lovech	despotate	1330	1446
League of Lezhë		confederacy	1444	1479
Lower Pannonia	various	principality/client	839	875
Narentines		tribal chiefdom/county/duchy	6th cent.	10th cent.
Moldavia	Baia/Siret (1343-1388), Suceava (1388-1564)	principality	1346	1859
Neopatras	Neopatras	duchy	1319	1390
Lordship of Prilep	Prilep	kingdom	1371	1395
Ragusa	Ragusa	republic	1358	1807
Salona	Salona	lordship	1212	1394
Principality of Serbia	Ras	principality	7th cent.	c. 970
Grand Principality of Serbia	Ras	grand principality	c. 1080	1217
Kingdom of Serbia	Ras, Žiča, Prizren	kingdom	1217	1346
Serbian Empire	Skopje, Prizren	empire	1346	1371
Principality of Serbia	Kruševac	principality	1371	1402
Serbian Despotate	Kuševac, Beograd, Smederevo	despotate	1402	1459
Travunia	Trebinje	principality/client	850	1482
Thessalonica	Thessalonica	kingdom	1204	1224
Principality of Valona	Valona	principality	1346	1417
Vidin	Vidin	tsardom	1356	1365
Wallachia	Câmpulung, Curtea de Argeș (1330-1418) Târgoviște (1418-1659)	principality	1290	1859

Name	Capital/s	State type	From	To	Flag
Aragon	Jaca, Zaragoza	kingdom	1162	1716
Asturias	various	kingdom	718	924
Castile	various	kingdom	1230	1516
Catalonia	Barcelona	principality	1162	1716
Córdoba	Córdoba	emirate	756	929
Córdoba	Córdoba	caliphate	929	1031
Galicia	A Coruña	kingdom	910	1833
Hispanica	Girona?	marquisate	795	801
León	León	kingdom	910	1230
Majorca	Palma, Perpignan	kingdom	1231	1715
Navarre	Pamplona	kingdom	824	1841
County of Portugal	Guimarães, Coimbra	kingdom	868	1139
Portugal	various	kingdom	1139	1910
Spain	Toledo, Madrid	composite monarchy/kingdom	1479	present
Suebi	Braga	kingdom	409	585
Taifa	various	confederation of kingdoms/principalities	1011	1571
Valencia	Valencia	kingdom	1238	1707
Visigothic	various	kingdom	418	720

Name	Capital/s	State type	From	To	Flag
Ancona	Ancona	republic	100	1532
Apulia and Calabria	Malfi, later Salerno	county	1043	1130
Benevento	Benevento	duchy/principality/client	571	1074
Capua	Capua	principality	861	1139
Ceva	Ceva	marquisate	1125	1427
Republic of Cospaia	Cospaia	republic	1440	1826
Florence	Florence	republic	1115	1532
Duchy of Gaeta	Gaeta	duchy	839	1140
Genoa	Genoa	republic	1005	1797
Lombard	Pavia	kingdom	568	774
Lucca	Lucca	republic	1160	1805
Milan	Milan	duchy	1395	1796
Naples	Naples	duchy	661	1137
Republic of Noli	Noli	republic	1192	1797
Papal	Rome	pontifical states	754	1870
Republic of Pisa	Pisa	republic	1000	1406
Salerno	Salerno	principality	851	1077
San Marino	San Marino	republic	301	present
Sardinian kingdoms	various	various kingdoms	10th cent.	1420
Sardinia	Cagliari, Turin	kingdom	1324	1861
Savoy	Chambeery, later Turin	duchy	1416	1714
Emirate of Sicily	Balarm	emirate	831	1091
County of Sicily	Palermo	county	1071	1130
Kingdom of Sicily	various	kingdom	1130	1816
Siena	Siena	republic	1125	1555
Sorrento	Sorrento	duchy	840	1137
Venice	Venice	republic	697	1797
Western Roman Empire	Ravenna	empire	395	480

Name	Capital/s	State type	From	To	Flag
Avar Khaganate	not specified	khaganate	567	804
Principality of Hungary	Esztergom, Székesfehérvár	principality	895	1000
Kingdom of Hungary	various	kingdom	1000	1918
Lithuania	Vilnius	grand duchy	1236	1569
Livonia	various	confederated bishopric principalities (religious)	1435	1561
Moravia	Veligrad	kingdom	833	907
Duchy of Poland	Gniezno	kingdom	966	1025
Kingdom of Poland	Gniezno, later Cracovia	kingdom	1025	1385
Crown of the Kingdom of Poland	Krakow	kingdom	1385	1795
Terra Mariana	various	confederated bishopric principalities (religious)	1207	1561

Name	Capital/s	State type	From	To	Flag
Principality of Beloozero	Beloozero	principality	1199	1550
Old Great Bulgaria	Phanagoria	absolute monarchy, khaganate	632	668
Principality of Chernihiv	Chernihiv	principality	1024	1402
Crimean Khanate	Stary Krym, Bakhchisaray	khanate	1449	1783
Principality of Dmitrov	Dmitrov	principality	1338	1460
Duchy of Lithuania	Aukštaitija	duchy	1111	1236
Galicia–Volhynia	various	principality/kingdom/client	1199	1349
Principality of Galich	Galich	principality	1200	1481
Principality of Galicia	Halych	principality	1124	1199
Principality of Kholm	Kholm	principality	1330	1487
Kievan Rus'	Kiev	federated principalities	882	1283
Principality of Kiev	Kiev	principality	1132	1471
Lithuania	Vilnius	grand duchy	1236	1569
Principality of Mikulin	Mikulin	principality	1339	1485
Moscow	Moscow	grand duchy/client	1283	1547
Principality of Nizhny Novgorod-Suzdal	Nizhny Novgorod	principality	1341	1425
Novgorod Republic	Novgorod	republic	1136	1478
Principality of Pereyaslavl	Krakow	kingdom	988	1239/1323
Great Perm	Perm	principality	1190	1600
Polotsk	Polotak	principality	987	1504
Tsardom of Russia	Moscow, Saint Petersburg	tsardom	1547	1721
Principality of Ryazan	Ryazan	principality	1129	1521
Principality of Serpukhovsko-Borovsky	Serpukhov	principality	1338	1460
Principality of Smolensk	Smolensk	principality, vassal state	1054	1508
Principality of Starodub	Starodub	principality	1215	1451
Principality of Tver	Tver	principality	1246	1485
Principality of Vereya	Vereya	principality	1400	1491
Vladimir-Suzdal	Vladimir	principality	1157	1331
Principality of Volhynia	Volhynia	principality	1157	1331
Principality of Yaroslavl	Yaroslavl	principality	1217	1470

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Ahis	Ankara	beylik	1230	1392
Alaiye	Alanya	beylik	1293	1471
Aydinids	Birgi, Selçuk	beylik	1300	1425
Armenian Cilicia	Tarsus, Sis	kingdom	1198	1375
Arminiya	Dvin	principality/client	653	884
Byzantine Empire	Constantinople	empire	330	1453
Beyliks of Canik	various	beylik	1460	1330s
Candar dynasty	Eflani, Kastamonu, Sinop	beylik	1291	1461
Chobanids	Kastamonu	beylik	1211	1309
Beylik of Çubukoğulları	Harput	beylik	1085	1112
Beylik of Dilmaç	Bitlis	beylik	1085	1398
Beylik of Dulkadir	Elbistan, Maras	beylik	1348	1522
Germiyanids	Kütahya	beylik	1300	1429
Hamidids	Eğirdir	beylik	1300	1391
Inalids	Diyarbakır	beylik	1085	1183
Karamanids	Karaman	beylik	1250	1487
Karasids	Balıkesir, Bergama, Çanakkale	beylik	1286	1357
Kurdish emirates	various	chiefdoms/principalities	16th cent.	19th cent.
Beylik of Lâdik	Denizli,	beylik	1262	1391
Mengujekids	Erzurum	beylik	1072	1277
Menteshe	Milas	beylik	1261	1424
Marwanids	Diyarbakir	emirate	983	1085
Nicaea	Nicaea	empire/client	1204	1261
Ottoman Empire	Söğüt, Bursa, Edirne, Istanbul	empire	1299	1922
Pervâneoğlu	Sinop	beylik	1277	1322
Ramadanid Emirate	Adana	emirate	1352	1608
Rüm	Nicaea, Iconium	sultanate	1077	1307
Sahib Ataids	Afyonkarahisar	beylik	1275	1341
Saltukids	Erzurum	beylik	1072	1202
Sarukhanids	Manisa	beylik	1300	1510
Shah-Armens	Ahlat	beylik	1110	1207
Beylik of Smyrna	Izmir	beylik	1081	1098
Beylik of Tanrıbermiş	Alaşehir	beylik	1071	1098
Teke	Antalya, Korkuteli	beylik	1321	1423
Trebizond Empire	Trebizond	empire/client	1204	1461

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Abbasid Caliphate	Baghdad	empire (religious)	750	1256
Ghassanid	Balka, Harith, Petra, Sideir	kingdom	220	712
Jabrids		emirate	1417	1524
Jarwanid dynasty	Qatif	kingdom	1310	1417
Mahdids		sultanate	1155	1174
Mecca	Mecca	emirate	967	1916
Medina	Medina	Islamic state	630	632
Nabhanis	Bahla	kingdom	1154	1624
Najahid dynasty	Zabid	emirate	1022	1158
Ormus	Hormuz	kingdom	1622	11th cent.
Ottoman Empire	Söğüt, Bursa, Edirne, Istanbul	empire	1299	1922
Qarmatians	al-Hasa	republic (utopia)	899	1067
Rassids	not specified	imamate	897	1962
Rasulid dynasty	Zubid	sultanate	1229	1454
Sulaymanids		sultanate	1063	1174
Sulayhid dynasty	Sana'a	sultanate	1047	1138
Tahirids	Zabid	sultanate	1454	1517
Umayyad Caliphate	Damascus, Harran	empire (religious)	661	750
Usfurids	Al-Hasa	kingdom	1253	1320
Uyunid	Al Hasa, Awal, Qatif	emirate	1076	1253
Wajihids	Suhar	emirate	926	965
Yu'firids	Sana'a, Shibam Kawkabam	principality	847	997
Ziyadid	Zabid	emirate (religious)	819	1018
Zurayids	Aden	tribal confederacy (religious)	1083	1174

Name	Capital	State type	From	To
Abbasid Caliphate	Baghdad	empire (religious)	750	1256
Afrasiyab dynasty	Amol	kingdom	1349	1504
Ahmadilis	Maragheh	kingdom	1122	1225
Alavids	Amol	kingdom	864	900
Alavids	Amol	kingdom	914	928
Aq Qoyunlu	various	confederate/sultanate	1378	1501
Baduspanids		kingdom	665	1598
Banu Ilyas	Bardsir	emirate	923	968
Bavand	Perim, Sari, Amol	kingdom	651	1349
Buwayhids	Shiraz, Ray, Baghdad	emirate	934	1062
Chobanids	Tebriz	kingdom	1338	1357
Dabuyid	Amol, Sari, Fuman	kingdom	642	760
Ghurid	various	sultanate	879	1215
Hasanwayhids	Dinawar	emirate	959	1015
Hazaraspids		chiefdom	1115	1424
Ilkhanate	Maragha, Tabriz, Soltaniyeh	nomadic kingdom	1256	1335
Injuids	Shiraz	empire	1335	1357
Jalayirid Sultanate	Baghdad, Tabriz	sultanate	1335	1432
Justanids	Rudbar	kingdom	791	11th cent.
Kakuyids	Isfahan, Yazd	kingdom	1008	1141
Kara Koyunlu	Tabriz	confederation	1374	1468
Khorshidi dynasty	Khorramabad	kingdom	1184	1497
Mar'ashis	Anol, Sari, Vatashan	kingdom	1359	1596
Masmughans of Damavand	Damavand	kingdom	651	760
Muzaffarids	Kerman	kingdom	1314	1393
Nizari Ismaili	Alamut Castle, Masyaf	military order	1090	1273
Qarinvand dynasty	Lafur	kingdom	550s	11th cent.
Rawadids	Tabriz	emirate	955	1071
Sadakiyans		chiefdom	770	827/8
Saffarid dynasty	Zaranj	empire	861	1002
Safavid Iran	Tabriz, Qazvin, Isfahan	empire	1501	1736
Sajid dynasty	Maragah, Ardabil	kingdom	789	929
Salghurids	Shiraz	atabegate	1148	1282
Sallarid dynasty	Tarom	kingdom	919	1062
Sarbadars	Sabzevar	kingdom	1337	1381
Sasanian Empire	Istakhr, Cteisphon	empire	224	651
Seljuk	Nishapur, Rey, Isfahan, Merv, Hamadan	empire	1037	1194
Umayyad Caliphate	Damascus, Harran	empire (religious)	661	750
Atabegs of Yazd	Yazd	kingdom	1141	1319
Ziyarid dynasty	various	kingdom	931	1090

Name	Capital	State type	From	To
Abbasid Caliphate	Baghdad	empire (religious)	750	1256
Artuqids	Hasankeyf, Diyarbakır, Harput, Mardin	beylik	1102	1409
Buwayhids	Shiraz, Ray, Baghdad	emirate	934	1062
Hamdanid	Mosul, Aleppo	emirate	890	1003
Jalayirid Sultanate	Baghdad, Tabriz	sultanate	1335	1432
Numayrids	Harran	emirate	990	1081
Ottoman Empire	Söğüt, Bursa, Edirne, Istanbul	empire	1299	1922
Uqaylid	Mosul	emirate	990	1096
Umayyad Caliphate	Damascus, Harran	empire (religious)	661	750
Zengid	Aleppo	emirate	1127	1250

Name	Capital	State type	From	To
Abbasid Caliphate	Baghdad	empire (religious)	750	1256
Antioch	Antioch	principality/client	1098	1268
Assaf	Ghazir	lordship/client	1306	1591
Banu Ammar	Tripoli	principality/client (religious)	1070	1109
Cyprus	Nicosia	kingdom	1192	1489
Edessa	Edessa, Turbessel	county	1098	1150
Galilee	Tiberias	principality/client	1099	1187
Harfush	Baalbek	lordship/client	1490	1865
Jarrahids	Ramla	emirate/client	970	1107
Jerusalem	Jerusalem	kingdom	1099	1291
Ma'n	Chouf	lordship/client	1120	1697
Mirdasid	Aleppo	emirate	1024	1080
Ottoman Empire	Söğüt, Bursa, Edirne, Istanbul	empire	1299	1922
Oultrejordain	Montreal (Arabah), Kerak	lordship/client	1118	1199
Sidon	Sidon	lordship/client	1110	1260
Tripoli	Tripoli	county/client	1102	1289
Tulunids	Al-Qata'i	emirate	868	905
Umayyad Caliphate	Damascus, Harran	empire (religious)	661	750

Name	Capital	State type	From	To
Abbasid Caliphate	Baghdad	empire (religious)	750	1256
Ayyubid	Cairo	confederated principalities/empire	1171	1341
Banu Kanz	Aswan	empire	943	1365
Fatimid Caliphate	Mahdia, Al-Mansuriya, Cairo	nomadic kingdom	909	1171
Ikhshidid	Fustat	emirate	935	969
Mamluk	Cairo	sultanate	1250	1517
Ottoman Empire	Söğüt, Bursa, Edirne, Istanbul	empire	1299	1922
Tulunids	Al-Qata'i	emirate	868	905
Umayyad Caliphate	Damascus, Harran	empire (religious)	661	750

Name	Capital	State type	From	To
Aghlabids	Kairouan	vassal state	800	909
Almoravid	Aghmat, Marrakesh	empire	1040	1147
Almohad	Tinmel, Marrakesh	empire (religious)	1121	1269
Kingdom of the Aurès	Arris, Khenchela	kingdom	484	703
Banu Khazrun	Tripoli	kingdom	1001	1146
Banu Khattab	Zawila	kingdom	918	1177
Banu Khurasan	Tunis	kingdom	1108	1159
Banu Talis	Bani Walid	emirate	1258	1551
Banu Thabit	Tripoli	kingdom	14th cent.	14th cent.
Barghawata		tribal confederation	744	1058
Fatimid Caliphate	Mahdia, Al-Mansuriya, Cairo	empire	909	1171
Hammadid	Beni Hammad, Bejaia	kingdom	1014	1152
Hafsid	Tunis	sultanate	1229	1574
Idrisids	Fez	empire (religious)	788	985
Kingdom of Kuku	Kuku	sultanate	1515	1638
Midrarid dynasty	Sijilmasa	kingdom	757	976
Maghrawa	Oujda	emirate	988	1069
Marinid Sultanate	Fez	sultanate	1244	1465
Nekor	Temsaman, Nekor	emirate	710	1012
Ottoman Empire	Söğüt, Bursa, Edirne, Istanbul	empire	1299	1922
Kingdom of Ouarsenis	Jedars	kingdom	430	735
Rustamid dynasty	Tahert	imamate	707	999
Saadi Sultanate	various	sultanate	1510	1659
Sulaymanid dynasty	Tlemcen	kingdom	814	922
Tlemcen	Tlemcen	kingdom	1235	1554
Emirate of Tlemcen	Tlemcen	emirate	757	790
Umayyad Caliphate	Damascus, Harran	empire (religious)	661	750
Wattasid dynasty	Fez	kingdom	1472	1554
Zab Emirate	Biskra	emirate	1402	1350s
Zirid dynasty	various	vassal state	972	1148

Name	Capital	State type	Existed	Existed	Flag
Kingdom of Abkhazia	Anakopia, Kutaisi	kingdom	778	1008
Principality of Abkhazia	Sukhumi	principality	1463	1864
Ahmadilis	Maragheh	kingdom	1122	1225
Alania	Maghas	kingdom	late 9th cent.	1240
Kingdom of Artsakh	Khachen, Haterk, Vaykunik	kingdom	1261	1603
Avaria	Khunzakh	khaganate	13th cent.	1864
Bagratid Armenia	various	kingdom	880s	1045
Circassia	various	kingdom	7th cent.	1864
Eldiguzids	Nakhchivan	atabeg	1126	1245
Georgia	Kutaisi, Tbilisi	kingdom	1008	1491
Iberia	Tbilisi	principality	580	891
Kingdom of Kakheti	Gremi	kingdom	1465	1762
Kingdom of Kakheti-Hereti	Telavi	kingdom	1014	1104
Karluk Yabghu	Suyab, later Balasagun	tribal kingdom	756	840
Kingdom of Kartli	Tbilisi	kingdom	1478	1762
Principality of Khachen	Gandzasar, Haterk, Tsar	principality	1261	1603
Lazica	Phasis	kingdom/client	1st cent. BC	7th cent. AD
Shirvanshahs	Shamakhi, later Baku	kingdom	861	1534
Simsim		kingdom	1349	1470
Sarir	Humraj	kingdom/client	453	1000
Tarki Shamkhalate	Tarki	kingdom	8th cent.	1867
Kingdom of Syunik	Kapan	kingdom	987	1170
Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget	Matsnaberd, Lori	kingdom	979	1118
Kingdom of Vaspurakan	Van	kingdom	908	1021
Zakarid Armenia	Van	kingdom	1201	1050	Ani

Name	Capital	State type	Existed	Existed	Flag
Astrakhan Khanate	Astrakhan	khaganate	1466	1556
Avar Khaganate		khaganate	567	804
Barsil		tribal union	600	700
Old Great Bulgaria	Phanagoria	absolute monarchy, khaganate	632	668
Volga Bulgaria	Bolghar, Bilär	monarchy, khaganate	7th cent.	1240s
Chagatai Khanate	Almaliq	nomadic empire	1226	1660
Cumania	not specified	nomadic confederation	900	1220
Eastern Turkic Khaganate	Otuken	nomadic empire	603	645
Ganzhou Uyghur Kingdom	Ganzhou	kingdom	894	1038
Göktürk Khaganate	Ordu Baliq	nomadic confederation	552	747
Golden Horde	Sarai Batu	khanate	1240	1502
Karluk Yabghu	Suyab, later Balasagun	tribal kingdom	756	840
Kangar union	located in Ulutau mountains	nomadic kingdom	659	750
Khanate of Kazan	Kazan	khanate	1438	1552
Khamag Mongol		tribal confederation/khanate	1120	1206
Kara-Khanid Khanate	various	nomadic confederation	840	1212
Khazar Khaganate	various	nomadic kingdom	618	1048
Khitan	Shangjing	kingdom/client	388	1211
Kimek–Kipchak confederation	Imekia	tribal confederation	880	1035
Moghulistan	Almaliq	khaganate	1347	1660s
Mongol Empire	various	empire	1206	1368
Nogai Horde	Saray-Jük	horde	1440s	1634
Northern Yuan	Shangdu	kingdom	1368	1635
Oghuz Yabgu State	Jankent	khaganate	766	1055
Qocho Kingdom	Qocho	kingdom	843	14th cent.
Oirat Confederation	Tarki	tribal confederation	1399	1634
Second Turkic Khaganate	Otuken, Yarγan yurtï	nomadic empire	682	744
Khanate of Sibir	Sibir	khaganate	1468	1598
Tatar	not specified	confederation	8th cent.	1202
Uyghur Khaganate	Otuken, later Ordu-Baliq	nomadic empire	744	840
Western Turkic Khaganate	Navekat, Suyub	nomadic empire	603	742
Xueyantuo	Ih Huree	tribal confederation	623	728
Yenisei Kyrgyz Khaganate	Ordo-Baliq, Kemijket	khaganate	693	1207
Yuan Empire	Khanbaliq	nomadic empire	1271	1368

Name	Capital	State type	Existed	Existed	Flag
Afrighid	Kath	kingdom/client	305	995
Farighunids	Maymana	client kingdom	9th cent.	1010
Ghaznavids Empire	Ghazni, later Lahore	empire	977	1186
Ghurid	various	sultanate	879	1215
Guzgan		principality	7th cent.	8th cent.
Kashgar	Kashgar	kingdom/client	80	850
Khotan	Khotan	kingdom	56	1006
Khwarazmian Empire	Gurgani, Samarkand, Tabriz	empire	1077	1231
Mihrabanids	Zaranj	kingdom	1236	1537
Nasrid dynasty	Zaranj	kingdom	1029	1225
Samanid Empire	Samarkand, later Bukhara	empire	819	999
Timurid Empire	Samarkand, Herat	empire	1370	1507
Tokhara Yabghus	Kunduz	sub-kingdom	625	758
Principality of Ushrusana	Bunjikat	principality	600	892/3
Uzbek Khanate	Chimgi-Tura, Sighnaq, Isay	confederate khaganate	1428	1471
Zunbils	Ghazni	nomadic empire	680	870

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Dali Kingdom	Dali Town	chiefdom	937	1253
Dachanghe	Dali	chiefdom	902	928
Eastern Liao		kingdom	1213	1269
Eastern Xia	Kaiyuan	kingdom	1215	1233
Later Han	Kaifeng	kingdom	947	951
Northern Han	Taiyuan	kingdom	951	979
Great Jin	various	empire	1115	1254
Later Jin	Kaifeng	kingdom	936	947
Later Liang	Luoyang, Kaifeng	kingdom	907	23
Ma Chu	Changsha	kingdom	908	951
Middag	Middag	kingdom	?	17th cent.
Min	Changle	kingdom	909	945
Mongol Empire	Avarga, Karakorum, Dadu	empire	1206	1368
Former Shu	Chengdu	kingdom	907	925
Later Shu	Chengdu	kingdom	934	965
Chiefdom of Sizhou	Sizhou	chiefdom	582	1413
Song Empire	Bianjing, Lin'an	empire	960	1279
Southern Han	Xingwang Fu	kingdom	917	971
Tang Empire	Chang'an, Luoyang	empire	618	907
Later Tang	Luoyang, Kaifeng	kingdom	923	937
Southern Tang	Jinling	kingdom	937	976
Western Xia	Xingqing	kingdom	1038	1237
Wuyue	Qiantang	kingdom	907	978
Yang Wu	Yangzhou	kingdom	907	937
Yuan Empire	Khanbaliq	nomadic empire	1271	1368
Later Zhou	Kaifeng	kingdom	951	960

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Ashikaga shogunate	Heian-kyō	military regime	1336	1573
Azuchi–Momoyama	Azuchi, Heian-kyō	military regime	1568	1600
Chūzan	Urasoe	kingdom	1314	1429
Hokuzan	Nakijin	kingdom	1322	1466
Ikkō-ikki	Ishiyama Hongan-ji	military confederacy	1457	1586
Japan		kingdom	4th cent.	7th cent.
Kamakura shogunate	Kamakura-kyō, Heian-kyō	military regime	1192	1333
Ryukyu	Shuri	kingdom	1429	1879

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Later Baekje	Wansanju	kingdom	892	936
Balhae Empire	Dongmo	empire	698	926
Goryeo	Gaegyeong	kingdom	918	1392
Jeongan		kingdom	938	986
Silla	Gyeongju	kingdom	55 BC	935 AD
Tamna		kingdom	?	1404
Taebong	Somgak, Cheorwon	kingdom	901	918
Usan		kingdom	512	930

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Kingdom of Ava	Ava	kingdom	1365	1555
Hanthawaddy kingdom	various	kingdom	1287	1552
Kingdom of Mrauk U	Mrauk U	kingdom	1430	1785
Myinsaing Kingdom	Myinsaing	kingdom	1237	1313
Pagan Kingdom	Pagan	kingdom	849	1297
Pinya Kingdom	Pinya	kingdom	1313	1365
Prome Kingdom	Nanzan	kingdom	1482	1542
Pyu	Sri Ksetra	federated city states	250 BC	1085 AD
Sagaing Kingdom	Sagaing	kingdom	1315	1365
Shan States	various	kingdoms	1215	1985
Thaton	Thaton	kingdom	300 BC	1085 AD
Toungoo dynasty	Toungoo, Pegu, Ava	kingdom	1510	1752
Möng Mao Lông	Selan	kingdom	1335	1444

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Dvaravati	Si Thep, Ayodhyapura, Mueang Uthong	kingdom	629	1292
Haripuñjaya	Haripuñjaya	kingdom	629	1292
Khmer Empire	Angkor	empire	802	1431
Lan Na	Chiang Rai, Fang, Wiang Kum Kam, Chiang Mai	kingdom	1292	1775
Lavo	Lavo, Ayodhaya	kingdom	450	1388
Lan Xang	Luang Prabang, later Vientiane	kingdom	1353	1707
Nakhon Si Thammarat Kingdom	Nakhon Si Thammarat	kingdom	13th cent.	1782
Ngoenyang	Ngoenyang	kingdom	638	1292
Phayao Kingdom	Phayao	kingdom	1094	1338
Sukhothai Kingdom	Sukhothai, Song Khwae	kingdom	1238	1438

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Aru Kingdom	Kota Rentang	kingdom	1225	1613
Bali Kingdom	Bali	kingdom	914	1908
Blambangan Kingdom	Banyuwangi	kingdom	13th cent.	18th cent.
Bruneian Empire	various	empire	7th cent.	19th cent.
Sultanate of Cirebon	various	sultanate	1447	1679
Demak Sultanate	Demak	sultanate	1475	1554
Galuh Kingdom	Kawali	kingdom	669	1482
Sultanate of Jailolo	Jailolo	sultanate	13th cent.	1832
Janggala	Hujung Galuh	kingdom	1045	1135
Kahuripan	Kahuripan	kingdom	1019	1045
Kalingga Kingdom		kingdom	6th cent.	7th cent.
Kalinyamat Sultanate	Kalinyamat	sultanate	1527	1599
Kantoli	Kantoli	kingdom	?	471 AD
Kedah	Kedah city	kingdom, later sultanate	330	present
Kediri Kingdom	Dahanapura	kingdom	1042	1222
Kutai		kingdom, later sultanate	399	1844
Lambri		kingdom	822	1503
Langkasuka	Kedah, Pattani	kingdom	100	1516
Kingdom of Maynila	Maynila	kingdom	1500	1571
Majapahit	Trowulan	empire	1293	1527
Malacca Sultanate	Malacca	sultanate	1400	1528
Mataram kingdom	various	kingdom	716	1016
Mataram Sultanate	Kota Gede, Karta, Plered, Kartosuro	sultanate	1586	1755
Negara Daha		kingdom	?	?
Pahang	Inderapura	kingdom	5th cent.	1454
Kingdom of Pajang	Pajang	kingdom	1568	1586
Pannai	Pannai	kingdom	11th cent.	14th cent.
Pan Pan	?	kingdom	300	700
Segati Kingdom	various	kingdom	15th cent.	16th cent.
Samudera Pasai Sultanate	Pasai	sultanate	1267	1524
Singhasari	Tumapel	kingdom	1222	1292
Kingdom of Singapura	Singapura	kingdom	1299	1398
Srivijaya	Palembang	kingdom	671	1025
Sulu	various	sultanate/client	1405	1915
Sunda	Pakuan Pajajaran, Kawali	kingdom	669	1579

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Ahmadnagar Sultanate	various	sultanate	1490	1636
Alupa dynasty	various	kingdom	200	1444
Ay	Aykudi	kingdom	4th cent. BC	12th cent. AD
Bhauma-Kara dynasty	Jajpur	kingdom	8th cent.	10th cent.
Bahmani	Gulbarga, Bidar	sultanate	1347	1527
Baise Rajya	various	confederation of kingdoms	?	1744
Bengal Sultanate	Pandua, Sonargaon, Gaur	sultanate	1352	1576
Berar Sultanate	Ellichpur	sultanate	1490	1572
Bidar Sultanate	Bidar	sultanate	1492	1619
Bijapur Sultanate	Gulbarga, Bidar	sultanate	1490	1686
Bumthang	Chakhar Gutho	kingdom	7th cent.	17th cent.
Chanda	Bhutamabilika	kingdom	807	1751
Chaubisi Rajya	various	confederation of principalities	?	1744
Chavda dynasty	Panchaser	kingdom	690	942
Chero dynasty	various	kingdom	12th cent.	19th cent.
Chindaka Naga	Barasur	kingdom	1023	1324
Chowta dynasty	various	kingdom	12th cent.	18th cent.
Cochin	various	kingdom	12th cent.	1947
Chahamanas of Shakambhari	Shakambhari, Ajayameru	kingdom	6th cent.	1192
Eastern Chalukya	Vengi, Rajamundry	kingdom	624	1129
Chudasama dynasty	various	kingdom	10th cent.	1472
Chutia Kingdom	Sadiya	kingdom	14th cent.	1524
Delhi Sultanate	Delhi	empire	1206	1526
Deva dynasty	Bikrampur	kingdom	12th cent.	13th cent.
Dimasa Kingdom	various	kingdom	13th cent.	1832
Gahadavala dynasty	Banaras and Kannauj	kingdom	1089	1197
Gajapati Empire	Cuttack	empire	1434	1541
Garha Kingdom	Garha	kingdom	15th cent.	1781
Garhwal	various	kingdom	888	1949
Golconda Sultanate	Golconda, Hyderabad	sultanate	1518	1687
Gurjara Pratihara Empire	Kannauj	empire	650	1036
Kingdom of Gujarat	Patan, Gujarat	kingdom	941	1298
Gujarat Sultanate	Ahmedabad	sultanate	1394	1573
Habbari Emirate	Mansura	empire	854	1011
Haihaiyavanshi Kingdom	Rayapura	kingdom	14th cent.	1758
Hoysala Empire	Sosavur, Belur, Halebidu	empire	1026	1343
Jaintia Kingdom	Nartiang, Jaintiapur	kingdom	500	1835
Jaunpur Sultanate	Jaunpur	sultanate	1394	1493
Kakatiya dynasty	Orugallu	empire	1163	1323
Kalachuris of Sarayupara		kingdom	800	1080
Kalachuris of Tripuri	Tripuri	kingdom	7th cent.	1212
Kalachuri dynasty	Mahishmati	kingdom	550	625
Kalachuris of Kalyani	Kalyani	kingdom	1164	1181
Kalachuris of Ratnapura	Ratanpur	kingdom	11th cent.	1758
Kamarupa	Pragjyotishpur, Haruppeswara, Durjaya	kingdom	350	1140
Kamata Kingdom	Kamarupanagara	kingdom	1257	1587
Kampili kingdom		kingdom	1230	1886
Karnat dynasty	various	kingdom	1097	1324
Karkota dynasty		kingdom	625	855
Kashmir Sultanate	Srinagar	sultanate	1320	1589
Later Gupta dynasty	Pataliputra	kingdom	490	750
Nayakas of Keladi	Keladi, Ikkeri, Bidanur	kingdom	1499	1763
Khandesh Sultanate		sultanate	1382	1601
Khasa Kingdom	Sinja Valley	empire	11th cent.	14th cent.
Kolathunadu	various	kingdom	6th cent. BC	present
Kumaon Kingdom	Baijnath, Champawat, Almora	kingdom	600	1791
Langah Sultanate	Multan	sultanate	1445	1540
Licchavi		kingdom	400	750
Limbuwan		various kingdoms	550	1609
Lohara dynasty	Srinagar	kingdom	1003	1320
Malwa Kingdom	Dhar	kingdom	947	1304
Malwa Sultanate	Dhar	sultanate	1392	1562
Madurai Sultanate	Madurai	sultanate	1335	1378
Mallabhum kingdom	Laugram, Bishnupur	kingdom	694	1947
Malla dynasty	various	kingdoms	1201	1769
Mana dynasty	Wairagarh	kingdom	650	850
Maukhari Empire	Kannauj	empire	550	700
Madurai Nayak dynasty	Madurai	kingdom	1529	1736
Emirate of Multan	Multan	empire	855	1010
Musunuri Nayakas	Warangal	kingdom	1335	1358
Mysore	Mysore, Srirangapatna	kingdom	1399	1947
Namgyal dynasty of Ladakh	Leh	kingdom	1460	1842
Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur	various	chiefdom	4th cent.	1952
Odanad	Mavelikkara, Kayamkulam	sultanate	11th cent.	1746
Oiniwar dynasty	Sugauna	kingdom	1325	1526
Pala Empire	various	empire	750	1161
Pallava Empire	Kanchi	empire	250 BC	800 AD
Pamduvamshis	Sirpur	kingdom	7th cent.	8th cent.
Pithipatis of Bodh Gaya	Bodh Gaya	kingdom	11th cent.	13th cent.
Pratapgarh Kingdom	Patharkandi	kingdom	1489	1700s
Rashtrakuta dynasty	Manyakheta	kingdom	753	982
Reddi Kingdom	Addanki	kingdom	1325	1448
Saindhava	Bhutamabilika	kingdom	735	920
Sambuvarayar	Rajagambhiram	kingdom	1236	1375
Sena Empire	Gauda, Bikrampur, Nabadwip, Lakhnauti, Vijaynagar	empire	1070	1230
Seuna dynasty	Devagiri	kingdom	1187	1317
Shailodbhava dynasty		kingdom	6th cent.	8th cent.
Shilahara Kingdom	Thane	kingdom	8th cent.	13th cent.
Sindh	Aror	kingdom	632	712
Somavamshi dynasty	Yayatinagara	kingdom	9th cent.	12th cent.
Taraf	Rajpur, later Laskarpur	kingdom	1200	1610
Tomara dynasty	Anangpur	kingdom	736	1152
Utpala dynasty	Awantipora	kingdom	855	1003
Vaghela dynasty	Dhavalakka	kingdom	1244	1304
Venad Kingdom	Quilon	kingdom	8/9th cent.	1729
Vijayanagara Empire	Vijayanagara	empire	1336	1646
Western Ganga	Kolar, Talakad	kingdom	350	1000
Western Chalukya Empire	Manyakheta	empire	975	1184
Yajvapala dynasty		kingdom	13th cent.	13th cent.
Zamorin	Calicut	kingdom	1124	1806

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Anuradhapura	Anuradhapura	kingdom	377 BC	1017 AD
Kingdom of Dambadeniya	Dambadeniya		1220	1345
Kingdom of Gampola	Gampola		1341	1408
Jaffna kingdom	Nallur		1215	1619
Kingdom of Kandy	Kandy		1469	1815
Kingdom of Kotte	Kotte		1412	1597
Kingdom of Polonnaruwa	Vijayarajapura		1055	1232
Kingdom of Sitawaka	Sitawaka		1521	1594
Vanni chieftaincies		chiefdom	13th cent.	1782

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Adal	Zeila, Dakkar, Harrar	sultanate	1415	1559
Ajuran Empire	Mareeg, Qelafo, Mecca	empire	13th cent.	17th cent.
Aksumite Empire		empire	100	960
Sultanate of Arababni		sultanate	12th cent.	1840
Sultanate of Bale		sultanate	13th cent.	1320s
Dankali Sultanate	Dankali	sultanate	13th cent.	18th cent.
Sultanate of Dahlak	Dahlak	sultanate	960	1557
Kingdom of Damot	Maldarede	kingdom	960	1317
Dawaro		principality	960s	1601 cent.
Ennarea	Yadare, Gowi	kingdom	14th cent.	1710
Ethiopian Empire	Addis Ababa	empire	1137	1975
Fatagar		state	9th cent.	15th cent.
Gidaya		Islamic state	9th cent.	15th cent.
Hargaya		Islamic state	9th cent.	15th cent.
Harla Kingdom	Hubat	kingdom	501	1500
Sultanate of Ifat	Wafat, Ziela	sultanate	1275	1403
Makhzumi dynasty	Walale	sultanate	896	1286
Medri Bahri	Debarwa	kingdom	1137	1879
Sultanate of Mogadishu	Mogadishu	sultanate	10th cent.	16th cent.
Moro		Islamic state	9th cent.	15th cent.
Kingdom of Simien		kingdom	350	1625
Tunni Sultanate	Baraea	sultanate	9th cent.	13th cent.
Zagwe dynasty	Lalibela	kingdom	960	1270

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Al-Abwab		kingdom	13th cent.	15th/16th cent.
Alodia	Soba	empire	680	1504
Beja kingdoms		tribal kingdoms	7th cent.	16th cent.
Blemmyes		tribal kingdom	600 BC	8th cent. AD
Daju kingdom	Daju	kingdom	12th cent.	15th cent.
Kingdom of Fazughli		kingdom	1500	1685
Makuria	Dongola	kingdom	340	1312
Nobatia	Pachoras	kingdom	350	650
Shilluk	Fashoda	kingdom	1490	1865
Tunjur kingdom	Uri	kingdom	1400s	1650s

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Sultanate of Agadez	Agadez	sultanate	1404	1906
Kingdom of Ardra	Alladh	kingdom	12th/13th cent.	1724
Benin Empire	Benin City	empire	1440	1897
Bornu Empire	Ngazargamu	empire	1380	1893
Denkyira	Dunkwa-on-Offin	kingdom	1500	1701
Gao	Gao	empire	9th cent.	1430
Ghana Empire	Koumbi Saleh	empire	400	1235
Great Fulo	Anyam-Godo	empire	1490	1776
Guinala	Bruco	kingdom	14th cent.	19th cent.
Gyaaman	Sampa	state	1450	1895
Hausa Kingdoms	various	city-state kingdoms	9th cent.	1808
Ife Empire	Ile-Ifẹ	empire	1200	1410
Isedo	Isedo	kingdom	1300	17th cent.
Jolof	Linguere	empire	1350	1549
Igodomigodo	Ubinu	kingdom	40 BC	1100 AD
Kaabu	Kansala	empire	1537	1867
Kanem Empire	Njimi	empire	700	1387
Mali	Niani, Kangaba	empire	1230	1670
Nri	Igbo-Ukwu	kingdom	948	1911
Oron Nation	Oron	kingdom	1200	1908
Oyo Empire	Oyo-Ile	kingdom	1400	1905
Songhai Empire	Gao	empire	1464	1591
Sosso Empire	Sosso	empire	1076	1235
Takedda	Takedda	kingdom	1200	1600
Takrur	Tumbere Jiinge, Taaga, Hoorewendu	kingdom	500s	1456

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Angoche	Angoche, Moma	kingdom	1485	1910
Ankole	Mbarara	kingdom	1478	1967
Kingdom of Butua	Khami	kingdom	1450	1683
Kasanze Kingdom		kingdom	1500	1648
Kilwa Sultanate	Kilwa	sultanate	957	1513
Kongo	São Salvador	kingdom/client	1390	1914
Kongo dia Nlaza		confederation of kingdoms	14th cent.	15th cent.
Mapungubwe	not specified	kingdom	1075	1220
Mutapa	Zvongombe	kingdom	1430	1760
Swahili city-states		city-states	9th cent.	18th cent.
Kingdom of Zimbabwe	Great Zimbabwe	kingdom	1220	1450

These are prehistoric states, listed either based on archaeological evidence or based on their existence at the time of European contact. Nahua tribes/cities.

Name	Capital	State type	From	To	Flag
Chiefdom of Ameca	Ameca	chiefdom	1325	1522
Aymara kingdoms	various	kingdoms	1151	1477
Azcapotzalco	Azcapotzalco	kingdom	995	1428
Aztec Empire	Tenochtitlan	empire	1428	1521
Cañari	Tumebamba	tribal confederacy	500	1533
Chachapoya		tribal confederacy	800	1470
Chalco	various	kingdom	13th cent.	1521
Chimor	Chan Chan	kingdom	900	1470
Cocollán	Cocollan	chiefdom	1100	1521
Chincha Kingdom		kingdom	900	1450
Colhuacan	Colhuacan	city-state	717	1521
Kingdom of Cusco	Cusco	kingdom	1200	1438
Ichma Kingdom	Pachacamac	kingdom	1100	1469
Inca Empire	Cusco	empire	1438	1533/72
Iroquois	Onondaga	tribal confederacy	1450	1660
Maya	various	kingdom city states	2000 BC	900 AD
Mississippian culture		various	800	1600
Moche	Moche-Trujillo	united independent polities	100	800
Nazca	various	tribal chiefdoms	100 BC	800 AD
Tsenacommacah	Werowocomoco	tribal confederacy	16th cent.	1677
Pueblo	various	tribal chiefdoms	12th cent. BC	14th cent. AD
Purépecha Empire	Tzintzuntzan	empire	1300	1530
Quilmes	Quilmes	chiefdom	850	1500
Teotihuacan Empire	Teotihuacan	empire	100 BC	8th cent. AD
Tiwanakun Empire	Tiwanaku	empire	300	1000
Tlatelolco	Tlatelolco	empire	1337	1473
Tlaxcala	Tlaxcala	confederacy	1348	1520
Toltec Empire	Tula	empire	674	1122
Veracruz	El Tajín	city-states	1200	1438
Xochimilco	Xochimilco	kingdom	900	1521
Wari Empire	Huari	empire	500	1100
Zapotec		kingdom city states	700 BC	1521 AD
Muisca Confederation	Hunza and Bacatá	tribal confederacy	~1450	1540
Tairona	various	tribal chiefdoms	2nd cent. BC	16th cent. AD

• List of Bronze Age states (c. 3300–1200 BC)
• List of Iron Age states (c. 1200–600 BC)
• List of Classical Age states (c. 600 BC–200 AD)
• List of states during Late Antiquity (c. 200–700)
• List of former sovereign states
• Timeline of the Middle Ages
• List of pre-modern great powers
• List of pre-modern states
• List of States of the Holy Roman Empire