Li Rongyao
Li Rongyao | |||
|---|---|---|---|
黎荣耀 | |||
%252C_Chinese_Consul_General_of_Cuba%252C_Peru%252C_and_the_Philippines_(1893).jpg) Portrait, Harper's Weekly (1893) | |||
| Consul General of China to the Philippine Islands | |||
| In office 1899–1901 | |||
| Preceded by | Chen Gang | ||
| Succeeded by | Cheng Ye-chiong | ||
| Consul General of China to San Francisco | |||
| In office 1891–1896 | |||
| In office 1910–1911 | |||
| Chinese name | |||
| Simplified Chinese | 黎荣耀 | ||
| Traditional Chinese | 黎榮耀 | ||
| |||
Li Rongyao (Chinese: 黎荣耀), also spelled as Li Yung Yew, was a Cantonese diplomat who served as the Consul General of Qing China to the Philippines and Cuba, both occupied territories of the United States. In the US, he also served as Consul General to San Francisco twice from 1891 to 1896 and 1910 to 1911.[1]
Career
Li was consul general in San Francisco from 1891 to 1896.[1] After the US State Department refused to recognize Chen Gang's appointment as consul general in the Philippines and Chen's subsequent resignation to the post, Li left his position in Cuba and became consul general there in 1899.[2]: 206 [3]: 130–131
During his time in the Philippines, he was in rivalry with the former acting consul general Chen Qianshan.[3]: 131–132 Chen, to assert control over the Chinese community, had made "derogatory" statements in broadsheets criticizing Li and doubting his credentials. Chen also claimed to represent a certain "Department for Protection of Merchants in the Philippines" sanctioned by Xiamen and the Qing government. Li, in turn, accuse Chen of extortion and false representation.[2]: 206
In 1901, Li left the Philippines and was appointed charge d'affaires in Madrid.[3]: 132 He was succeeded by a Hokkien, Cheng Ye-chiong, as consul general.[3]: 132 From 1910 to 1911, Li returned to the United States once again and assume the position of consul general in San Francisco.[1]
See also
References
- ^ a b c Zhang, Wenxian (2018-02-20). China Through American Eyes: Early Depictions Of The Chinese People And Culture In The Us Print Media. World Scientific. ISBN 978-981-320-227-6.
- ^ a b Jackson, Justin F. (2025-05-06). The Work of Empire: War, Occupation, and the Making of American Colonialism in Cuba and the Philippines. UNC Press Books. ISBN 978-1-4696-8027-9.
- ^ a b c d Wilson, Andrew R. (2004-02-28). Ambition and Identity: Chinese Merchant Elites in Colonial Manila, 1880–1916. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-2650-5.